이전 질문에 대한 답변을 업데이트했습니다. std :: lib만으로 C ++ 11에서 쉽게이 작업을 수행 할 수 있습니다.

#include <iostream>
#include <random>
#include <iterator>
#include <ctime>
#include <type_traits>
#include <cassert>

int main()
{
    // Set up distribution
    double interval[] = {1,   2,   3,   4};
    double weights[] =  {  .90, .56, .04};
    std::piecewise_constant_distribution<> dist(std::begin(interval),
                                                std::end(interval),
                                                std::begin(weights));
    // Choose generator
    std::mt19937 gen(std::time(0));  // seed as wanted
    // Demonstrate with N randomly generated numbers
    const unsigned N = 1000000;
    // Collect number of times each random number is generated
    double avg[std::extent<decltype(weights)>::value] = {0};
    for (unsigned i = 0; i < N; ++i)
    {
        // Generate random number using gen, distributed according to dist
        unsigned r = static_cast<unsigned>(dist(gen));
        // Sanity check
        assert(interval[0] <= r && r <= *(std::end(interval)-2));
        // Save r for statistical test of distribution
        avg[r - 1]++;
    }
    // Compute averages for distribution
    for (double* i = std::begin(avg); i < std::end(avg); ++i)
        *i /= N;
    // Display distribution
    for (unsigned i = 1; i <= std::extent<decltype(avg)>::value; ++i)
        std::cout << "avg[" << i << "] = " << avg[i-1] << '\n';
}

내 시스템의 출력 :

avg[1] = 0.600115
avg[2] = 0.373341
avg[3] = 0.026544

위 코드의 대부분은 출력을 표시하고 분석하는 데만 사용됩니다. 실제 생성은 코드 몇 줄에 불과합니다. 출력은 요청 된 “확률”을 얻었음을 보여줍니다. 요청이 더해진 값이기 때문에 요청 된 출력을 1.5로 나누어야합니다.

답변

#include <random>
#include <vector>
std::vector<double> weights{90,56,4};
std::discrete_distribution<int> dist(std::begin(weights), std::end(weights));
std::mt19937 gen;
gen.seed(time(0));//if you want different results from different runs
int N = 100000;
std::vector<int> samples(N);
for(auto & i: samples)
    i = dist(gen);
//do something with your samples...

  template<typename _IntType>
    void
    discrete_distribution<_IntType>::param_type::
    _M_initialize()
    {
      if (_M_prob.size() < 2)
        {
          _M_prob.clear();
          return;
        }

      const double __sum = std::accumulate(_M_prob.begin(),
                                           _M_prob.end(), 0.0);
      // Now normalize the probabilites.
      __detail::__normalize(_M_prob.begin(), _M_prob.end(), _M_prob.begin(),
                            __sum);
      // Accumulate partial sums.
      _M_cp.reserve(_M_prob.size());
      std::partial_sum(_M_prob.begin(), _M_prob.end(),
                       std::back_inserter(_M_cp));
      // Make sure the last cumulative probability is one.
      _M_cp[_M_cp.size() - 1] = 1.0;
    }

weight = rand() % 10;

switch( weight ) {

    case 0:
        randomNumber = 1;
        break;
    case 1:
    case 2:
    case 3:
        randomNumber = 2;
        break;
    case 4:
    case 5:
    case 6:
    case 7:
    case 8:
    case 9:
        randomNumber = 3;
        break;
}

template <class It,class P>
It choose_p(It begin,It end,P const& p)
{
    if (begin==end) return end;
    double sum=0.;
    for (It i=begin;i!=end;++i)
        sum+=p(*i);
    double choice=sum*random01();
    for (It i=begin;;) {
        choice -= p(*i);
        It r=i;
        ++i;
        if (choice<0 || i==end) return r;
    }
    return begin; //unreachable
}