그래서 바퀴를 재발 명하는 정신으로, 나는 당신에게 Tomalak의 훌륭한 대본 (위 참조)을 제시하지만 Powershell로 완전히 다시 작성되었습니다 ! 내가이 일을 한 주된 이유는 Powershell의 놀라운 힘을 복음화하기 위해서 였지만, 내 존재 전체와 함께 vbscript를 멸시했기 때문입니다.

대부분 동일한 기능을 제공하는 기능이지만 여러 가지 이유로 약간 다르게 구현했습니다. 디버깅 출력은 확실히 더 장황합니다.

주의해야 할 중요한 사항 중 하나는이 버전이 OS 버전과 비트를 감지하고 적절한 vshadow.exe 버전을 호출한다는 것입니다. 사용할 vshadow.exe 버전, 가져 오기 위치 및 이름을 나타내는 차트가 아래에 포함되어 있습니다.

사용법 정보는 다음과 같습니다.

VssSnapshot.ps1

Description:
  Create, mount or delete a Volume Shadow Copy Service (VSS) Shadow Copy (snapshot)

Usage:
  VssSnapshot.ps1 Create -Target <Path> -Volume <Volume> [-Debug]
  VssSnapshot.ps1 Delete -Target <Path> [-Debug]

Paremeters:
  Create  - Create a snapshot for the specified volume and mount it at the specified target
  Delete  - Unmount and delete the snapshot mounted at the specified target
  -Target - The path (quoted string) of the snapshot mount point
  -Volume - The volume (drive letter) to snapshot
  -Debug  - Enable debug output (optional)

Examples:
  VssSnapshot.ps1 Create -Target D:\Backup\DriveC -Volume C
  - Create a snapshot of volume C and mount it at "D:\Backup\DriveC"

  VssSnapshot.ps1 Delete -Target D:\Backup\DriveC
  - Unmount and delete a snapshot mounted at "D:\Backup\DriveC"

Advanced:
  VssSnapshot.ps1 create -t "c:\vss mount\c" -v C -d
  - Create a snapshot of volume C and mount it at "C:\Vss Mount\C"
  - example mounts snapshot on source volume (C: --> C:)
  - example uses shortform parameter names
  - example uses quoted paths with whitespace
  - example includes debug output

스크립트는 다음과 같습니다.

# VssSnapshot.ps1
# http://serverfault.com/questions/119120/how-to-use-a-volume-shadow-copy-to-make-backups/119592#119592

Param ([String]$Action, [String]$Target, [String]$Volume, [Switch]$Debug)
$ScriptCommandLine = $MyInvocation.Line
$vshadowPath = "."

# Functions
Function Check-Environment {
  Write-Dbg "Checking environment..."

  $UsageMsg = @'
VssSnapshot

Description:
  Create, mount or delete a Volume Shadow Copy Service (VSS) Shadow Copy (snapshot)

Usage:
  VssSnapshot.ps1 Create -Target <Path> -Volume <Volume> [-Debug]
  VssSnapshot.ps1 Delete -Target <Path> [-Debug]

Paremeters:
  Create  - Create a snapshot for the specified volume and mount it at the specified target
  Delete  - Unmount and delete the snapshot mounted at the specified target
  -Target - The path (quoted string) of the snapshot mount point
  -Volume - The volume (drive letter) to snapshot
  -Debug  - Enable debug output (optional)

Examples:
  VssSnapshot.ps1 Create -Target D:\Backup\DriveC -Volume C
  - Create a snapshot of volume C and mount it at "D:\Backup\DriveC"

  VssSnapshot.ps1 Delete -Target D:\Backup\DriveC
  - Unmount and delete a snapshot mounted at "D:\Backup\DriveC"

Advanced:
  VssSnapshot.ps1 create -t "c:\vss mount\c" -v C -d
  - Create a snapshot of volume C and mount it at "C:\Vss Mount\C"
  - example mounts snapshot on source volume (C: --> C:)
  - example uses shortform parameter names
  - example uses quoted paths with whitespace
  - example includes debug output
'@

  If ($Action -eq "Create" -And ($Target -And $Volume)) {
    $Script:Volume = (Get-PSDrive | Where-Object {$_.Name -eq ($Volume).Substring(0,1)}).Root
    If ($Volume -ne "") {
      Write-Dbg "Verified volume: $Volume"
    } Else {
      Write-Dbg "Cannot find the specified volume"
      Exit-Script "Cannot find the specified volume"
    }
    Write-Dbg "Argument check passed"
  } ElseIf ($Action -eq "Delete" -And $Target ) {
    Write-Dbg "Argument check passed"
  } Else {
    Write-Dbg "Invalid arguments: $ScriptCommandLine"
    Exit-Script "Invalid arguments`n`n$UsageMsg"
  }


  $WinVer = ((Get-WmiObject Win32_OperatingSystem).Version).Substring(0,3)
    Switch ($WinVer) {
    "5.2" {
      $vshadowExe = "vshadow_2003"
      $WinBit = ((Get-WmiObject Win32_Processor)[0]).AddressWidth
    }
    "6.0" {
      $vshadowExe = "vshadow_2008"
      $WinBit = (Get-WmiObject Win32_OperatingSystem).OSArchitecture
    }
    "6.1" {
      $vshadowExe = "vshadow_2008R2"
      $WinBit = (Get-WmiObject Win32_OperatingSystem).OSArchitecture
    }
    Default {
      Write-Dbg "Unable to determine OS version"
      Exit-Script "Unable to determine OS version"
    }
  }

  Switch ($WinBit) {
    {($_ -eq "32") -or ($_ -eq "32-bit")} {$vshadowExe += "_x86.exe"}
    {($_ -eq "64") -or ($_ -eq "64-bit")} {$vshadowExe += "_x64.exe"}
    Default {
      Write-Dbg "Unable to determine OS bitness"
      Exit-Script "Unable to determine OS bitness"
    }
  }

  $Script:vshadowExePath = Join-Path $vshadowPath $vshadowExe
  If (Test-Path $vshadowExePath) {
    Write-Dbg "Verified vshadow.exe: $vshadowExePath"
  } Else {
    Write-Dbg "Cannot find vshadow.exe: $vshadowExePath"
    Exit-Script "Cannot find vshadow.exe"
  }

  Write-Dbg "Environment ready"
}

Function Prepare-Target {
  Write-Log "Preparing target..."
  Write-Dbg "Preparing target $Target"


  If (!(Test-Path (Split-Path $Target -Parent))) {
  Write-Dbg "Target parent does not exist"
  Exit-Script "Invalid target $Target"
  }
  If ((Test-Path $Target)) {
    Write-Dbg "Target already exists"
    If (@(Get-ChildItem $Target).Count -eq 0) {
      Write-Dbg "Target is empty"
    } Else {
      Write-Dbg "Target is not empty"
      Exit-Script "Target contains files/folders"
    }
  } Else {
    Write-Dbg "Target does not exist. Prompting user..."
    $PromptYes = New-Object System.Management.Automation.Host.ChoiceDescription "&Yes", "Create target folder"
    $PromptNo = New-Object System.Management.Automation.Host.ChoiceDescription "&No", "Do not create target folder"
    $PromptOptions = [System.Management.Automation.Host.ChoiceDescription[]]($PromptYes, $PromptNo)
    $PromptResult = $Host.UI.PromptForChoice("Create folder", "The target folder `"$target`" does not exist.`nWould you like to create the folder?", $PromptOptions, 0)
    Switch ($PromptResult) {
      0 {
        Write-Dbg "User Accepted. Creating target..."
        $Null = New-Item -Path (Split-Path $Target -Parent) -Name (Split-Path $Target -Leaf) -ItemType "Directory"
      }
      1 {
        Write-Dbg "User declined. Exiting..."
        Exit-Script "Target does not exist"
      }
    }
  }
  Write-Log "Target ""$Target"" ready"
  Write-Dbg """$Target"" ready"
}

Function Create-Snapshot {
  Write-Log "Creating snapshot..."
  Write-Dbg "Creating snapshot of $Volume"
  $Cmd = "$vshadowExePath -p $Volume"
  $CmdResult = Run-Command $Cmd -AsString

  Write-Dbg "Snapshot created successfully"

  $SnapshotID = $CmdResult -Match 'SNAPSHOT ID = (\{[^}]{36}\})'
  If ($SnapshotID) {
    $SnapshotID = $Matches[1]
    Write-Dbg "SnapshotID: $SnapshotID"
    Write-Log "Snapshot $SnapshotID created"
  } Else {
    Write-Dbg "Unable to determine SnapshotID"
    Exit-Script "Unable to determine SnapshotID"
  }

  Return $SnapshotID
}

Function Mount-Snapshot ($SnapshotID) {
  Write-Log "Mounting snapshot..."
  Write-Dbg "Mounting $SnapshotID at ""$Target"""

  $Cmd = "$vshadowExePath `"-el=$SnapshotId,$Target`"" #Must use escaped quotes because Invoke-Expression gets all weird about curly braces
  $CmdResult = Run-Command $Cmd

  Write-Log "Snapshot $SnapshotID mounted at target ""$Target"""
  Write-Dbg "$SnapshotID mounted at ""$Target"""
}

Function Delete-Snapshot {
  Write-Log "Deleting snapshot..."
  Write-Dbg "Deleting snapshot at target ""$Target"""

  $SnapshotID = Get-SnapshotIdbyTarget

  $Cmd = "$vshadowExePath `"-ds=$SnapshotId`""
  $CmdResult = Run-Command $Cmd

  Write-Log "Snapshot $SnapshotID deleted at target ""$Target"""
  Write-Dbg "$SnapshotID deleted at ""$Target"""
}

Function Get-SnapshotIdbyTarget {
  Write-Dbg "Finding SnapshotID for $Target"

  $Cmd = "$vshadowExePath -q"
  $CmdResult = Run-Command $Cmd -AsString

  $TargetRegEx = '(?i)' + $Target.Replace('\','\\') + '\\?\r'
  $Snapshots = ($CmdResult.Split('*')) -Match $TargetRegEx | Out-String

  If ($Snapshots) {
    $Null = $Snapshots -Match '(\{[^}]{36}\})'
    $SnapshotID = $Matches[0]
  } Else {
    Write-Dbg "Unable to determine SnapshotID for target $Target"
    Exit-Script "Unable to determine SnapshotID"
  }

  Write-Dbg "SnapshotID: $SnapshotID"

  Return $SnapshotID
}

Function Run-Command ([String]$Cmd, [Switch]$AsString=$False, [Switch]$AsArray=$False) {
  Write-Dbg "Running: $Cmd"

  $CmdOutputArray = Invoke-Expression $Cmd
  $CmdOutputString = $CmdOutputArray | Out-String
  $CmdErrorCode = $LASTEXITCODE

  If ($CmdErrorCode -eq 0 ) {
    Write-Dbg "Command successful. Exit code: $CmdErrorCode"
    Write-Dbg $CmdOutputString
  } Else {
    Write-Dbg "Command failed. Exit code: $CmdErrorCode"
    Write-Dbg $CmdOutputString
    Exit-Script "Command failed. Exit code: $CmdErrorCode"
  }

  If (!($AsString -or $AsArray)) {
    Return $CmdErrorCode
  } ElseIf ($AsString) {
    Return $CmdOutputString
  } ElseIf ($AsArray) {
    Return $CmdOutputArray
  }
}

Function Write-Msg ([String]$Message) {
  If ($Message -ne "") {
    Write-Host $Message
  }
}

Function Write-Log ([String]$Message) {
  Write-Msg "[$(Get-Date -Format G)] $Message"
}

Function Write-Dbg ([String]$Message) {
  If ($Debug) {
    Write-Msg ("-" * 80)
    Write-Msg "[DEBUG] $Message"
    Write-Msg ("-" * 80)
  }
}

Function Exit-Script ([String]$Message) {
  If ($Message -ne "") {
    Write-Msg "`n[FATAL ERROR] $Message`n"
  }
  Exit 1
}

# Main
Write-Log "VssSnapshot started"
Check-Environment

Switch ($Action) {
  "Create" {
    Prepare-Target
    $SnapshotID = Create-Snapshot
    Mount-Snapshot $SnapshotID
  }
  "Delete" {
    Delete-Snapshot
  }
}

Write-Log "VssSnapshot finished"

사용할 vshadow.exe 버전은 다음과 같습니다.

1. Windows 2003 / 2003R2
   • 볼륨 섀도 복사본 서비스 SDK 7.2
   • x86 : C : \ Program Files \ Microsoft \ VSSSDK72 \ TestApps \ vshadow \ bin \ release-server \ vshadow.exe
     • vshadow_2003_x86.exe로 이름을 바꿉니다.
   • x64 : Windows 2003 x64 용 vshadow.exe의 x64 버전을 찾을 수 없습니다
2. Windows 2008
   • Windows Server 2008 및 .NET Framework 3.5 용 Windows SDK
   • x86 : C : \ Program Files \ Microsoft SDKs \ Windows \ v6.1 \ Bin \ vsstools \ vshadow.exe
     • vshadow_2008_x86.exe로 이름을 바꿉니다.
   • x64 : C : \ Program Files \ Microsoft SDKs \ Windows \ v6.1 \ Bin \ x64 \ vsstools \ vshadow.exe
     • vshadow_2008_x64.exe로 이름을 바꿉니다.
3. Windows 2008R2
   • Windows 7 및 .NET Framework 4 용 Microsoft Windows SDK
   • x86 : C : \ Program Files (x86) \ Microsoft SDKs \ Windows \ v7.0A \ Bin \ vsstools \ vshadow.exe
     • vshadow_2008R2_x86.exe로 이름을 바꿉니다.
   • x64 : C : \ Program Files (x86) \ Microsoft SDKs \ Windows \ v7.0A \ Bin \ x64 \ vsstools \ vshadow.exe
     • vshadow_2008R2_x64.exe로 이름을 바꿉니다.

답변

vshadow.exe -q-시스템의 모든 섀도 복사본을 나열합니다
vshadow.exe -p {volume list}-영구 쉐도우 복사본 관리
vshadow.exe -el = {SnapID}, dir-섀도 복사본을 마운트 지점으로 노출
vshadow.exe -ds = {SnapID}-이 섀도 복사본을 삭제합니다

VSS 스냅 샷 생성 / 마운트 도구

용법:
cscript / nologo VssSnapshot.vbs / target : path {/ volume : X | / unmount} [/ debug]

/ volume-스냅 샷 할 볼륨의 드라이브 문자
/ target-스냅 샷을 마운트 할 경로 (절대 또는 상대)
/ debug-디버그 출력에 참여

예 :
cscript / nologo VssSnapshot.vbs / target : C : \ Backup \ DriveD / 볼륨 : D
cscript / nologo VssSnapshot.vbs / target : C : \ Backup \ DriveD / unmount

힌트 : 새 스냅 샷을 만들기 전에 마운트를 해제 할 필요가 없습니다.

C : \ VssSnapshot> cscript / nologo VssSnapshot.vbs / target : MountPoints \ E / 볼륨 : E
05/03/2010 17:13:04 VSS 마운트 지점 준비 중 ...
05/03/2010 17:13:04 마운트 지점 준비 : C : \ VssSnapshot \ MountPoints \ E
05/03/2010 17:13:04 볼륨에 대한 VSS 스냅 샷 생성 : E
ID : {4ed3a907-c66f-4b20-bda0-9dcda3b667ec}으로 생성 된 2010 년 5 월 3 일 17:13:08 스냅 샷
05/03/2010 17:13:08 VSS 스냅 샷이 성공적으로 마운트되었습니다
05/03/2010 17:13:08 완료

C : \ VssSnapshot> cscript / nologo VssSnapshot.vbs / target : MountPoints \ E / 마운트 해제
05/03/2010 17:13:35 VSS 마운트 지점 준비 중 ...
05/03/2010 17:13:36 다른 할 일이 없습니다
05/03/2010 17:13:36 완료

''# VssSnapshot.vbs
''# http://serverfault.com/questions/119120/how-to-use-a-volume-shadow-copy-to-make-backups/119592#119592
Option Explicit

Dim fso: Set fso = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")

''# -- MAIN SCRIPT -------------------------------------------
Dim args, snapshotId, targetPath, success
Set args = WScript.Arguments.Named
CheckEnvironment

Log "preparing VSS mount point..."
targetPath = PrepareVssMountPoint(args("target"))

If args.Exists("unmount") Then
  Log "nothing else to do"
ElseIf targetPath <> vbEmpty Then
  Log "mount point prepared at: " & targetPath
  Log "creating VSS snapshot for volume: " & args("volume")
  snapshotId = CreateVssSnapshot(args("volume"))

  If snapshotId <> vbEmpty Then
    Log "snapshot created with ID: " & snapshotId
    success = MountVssSnapshot(snapshotId, targetPath)
    If success Then
      Log "VSS snapshot mounted sucessfully"
    Else
      Die "failed to mount snapshot"
    End If
  Else
    Die "failed to create snapshot"
  End If
Else
  Die "failed to prepare mount point"
End If

Log "finished"

''# -- FUNCTIONS ---------------------------------------------
Function PrepareVssMountPoint(target) ''# As String
  Dim cmd, result, outArray
  Dim path, snapshot, snapshotId
  Dim re, matches, match

  PrepareVssMountPoint = VbEmpty
  target = fso.GetAbsolutePathName(target)

  If Not fso.FolderExists(fso.GetParentFolderName(target)) Then 
    Die "Invalid mount point: " & target
  End If

  ''# create or unmount (=delete existing snapshot) mountpoint
  If Not fso.FolderExists(target) Then
    If Not args.Exists("unmount") Then fso.CreateFolder target
  Else
    Set re = New RegExp
    re.MultiLine = False
    re.Pattern = "- Exposed locally as: ([^\r\n]*)"

    cmd = "vshadow -q"
    result = RunCommand(cmd, false)
    outarray = Split(result, "*")

    For Each snapshot In outArray
      snapshotId = ParseSnapshotId(snapshot)
      If snapshotId <> vbEmpty Then
        Set matches = re.Execute(snapshot)
        If matches.Count = 1 Then
          path = Trim(matches(0).SubMatches(0))
          If fso.GetAbsolutePathName(path) = target Then
            cmd = "vshadow -ds=" & snapshotId
            RunCommand cmd, true
            Exit For
          End If
        End If
      End If
    Next

    If args.Exists("unmount") Then fso.DeleteFolder target
  End If

  PrepareVssMountPoint = target
End Function

Function CreateVssSnapshot(volume) ''# As String
  Dim cmd, result

  If Not fso.DriveExists(volume) Then
    Die "Drive " & volume & " does not exist."
  End If

  cmd = "vshadow -p " & Replace(UCase(volume), ":", "") & ":"
  result = RunCommand(cmd, false)
  CreateVssSnapshot = ParseSnapshotId(result)
End Function

Function MountVssSnapshot(snapshotId, target) ''# As Boolean
  Dim cmd, result

  If fso.FolderExists(targetPath) Then
    cmd = "vshadow -el=" & snapshotId & "," & targetPath
    result = RunCommand(cmd, true)
  Else
    Die "Mountpoint does not exist: " & target
  End If

  MountVssSnapshot = (result = "0")
End Function

Function ParseSnapshotId(output) ''# As String
  Dim re, matches, match

  Set re = New RegExp
  re.Pattern = "SNAPSHOT ID = (\{[^}]{36}\})"
  Set matches = re.Execute(output)

  If matches.Count = 1 Then
    ParseSnapshotId = matches(0).SubMatches(0)
  Else
    ParseSnapshotId = vbEmpty
  End If
End Function

Function RunCommand(cmd, exitCodeOnly) ''# As String
  Dim shell, process, output

  Dbg "Running: " & cmd

  Set shell = CreateObject("WScript.Shell")

  On Error Resume Next
  Set process = Shell.Exec(cmd)
  If Err.Number <> 0 Then
    Die Hex(Err.Number) & " - " & Err.Description
  End If
  On Error GoTo 0

  Do While process.Status = 0
    WScript.Sleep 100
  Loop
  output = Process.StdOut.ReadAll

  If process.ExitCode = 0 Then 
    Dbg "OK"
    Dbg output
  Else
    Dbg "Failed with ERRORLEVEL " & process.ExitCode
    Dbg output
    If Not process.StdErr.AtEndOfStream Then 
      Dbg process.StdErr.ReadAll
    End If
  End If  

  If exitCodeOnly Then
    Runcommand = process.ExitCode
  Else
    RunCommand = output
  End If
End Function

Sub CheckEnvironment
  Dim argsOk

  If LCase(fso.GetFileName(WScript.FullName)) <> "cscript.exe" Then
    Say "Please execute me on the command line via cscript.exe!"
    Die ""
  End If

  argsOk = args.Exists("target")
  argsOk = argsOk And (args.Exists("volume") Or args.Exists("unmount"))

  If Not argsOk Then
    Say "VSS Snapshot Create/Mount Tool" & vbNewLine & _
        vbNewLine & _
        "Usage: " & vbNewLine & _
        "cscript /nologo " & fso.GetFileName(WScript.ScriptFullName) & _
          " /target:path { /volume:X | /unmount } [/debug]" & _
        vbNewLine & vbNewLine & _
        "/volume  - drive letter of the volume to snapshot" & _
        vbNewLine & _
        "/target  - the path (absolute or relative) to mount the snapshot to" & _
        vbNewLine & _
        "/debug   - swich on debug output" & _
        vbNewLine & vbNewLine & _
        "Examples: " & vbNewLine & _
        "cscript /nologo " & fso.GetFileName(WScript.ScriptFullName) & _
          " /target:C:\Backup\DriveD /volume:D" &  vbNewLine & _
        "cscript /nologo " & fso.GetFileName(WScript.ScriptFullName) & _
          " /target:C:\Backup\DriveD /unmount" & _
        vbNewLine & vbNewLine & _
        "Hint: No need to unmount before taking a new snapshot." & vbNewLine

    Die ""
  End If
End Sub

Sub Say(message)
  If message <> "" Then WScript.Echo message
End Sub

Sub Log(message)
  Say FormatDateTime(Now()) & " " & message
End Sub

Sub Dbg(message)
  If args.Exists("debug") Then 
    Say String(75, "-")
    Say "DEBUG: " & message
  End If
End Sub

Sub Die(message)
  If message <> "" Then Say "FATAL ERROR: " & message
  WScript.Quit 1
End Sub

C : \> vssadmin 목록 그림자
vssadmin 1.1-볼륨 섀도 복사본 서비스 관리 명령 줄 도구
(C) 저작권 2001 Microsoft Corp.

쉐도우 복사본 세트 ID의 내용 : {b6f6fb45-bedd-4b77-8f51-14292ee921f3}
   생성시 섀도 복사본 1 개 포함 : 2016 년 9 월 25 일 오후 12:14:23
      섀도 복사본 ID : {321930d4-0442-4cc6-b2aa-ec47f21d0eb1}
         원래 볼륨 : (C :) \\? \ Volume {ad1dd231-1200-11de-b1df-806e6f6e6963} \
         섀도 복사본 볼륨 : \\? \ GLOBALROOT \ Device \ HarddiskVolumeShadowCopy68
         원산지 기계 : joshweb.josh.com
         서비스 머신 : joshweb.josh.com
         공급자 : 'Microsoft Software Shadow Copy 공급자 1.0'
         유형 : ClientAccessible
         속성 : 영구, 클라이언트 액세스 가능, 자동 릴리스 없음, 작성자 없음, 차이

쉐도우 복사본 세트 ID의 내용 : {c4fd8646-57b3-4b39-be75-47dc8e7f881d}
   생성시 섀도 복사본 1 개 포함 : 2016 년 8 월 25 일 7:00:18 오전
      섀도 복사본 ID : {fa5da100-5d90-493c-89b1-5c27874a23c6}
         원래 볼륨 : (E :) \\? \ Volume {4ec17949-12b6-11de-8872-00235428b661} \
         섀도 복사본 볼륨 : \\? \ GLOBALROOT \ Device \ HarddiskVolumeShadowCopy3
         원산지 기계 : joshweb.josh.com
         서비스 머신 : joshweb.josh.com
         공급자 : 'Microsoft Software Shadow Copy 공급자 1.0'
         유형 : ClientAccessible
         속성 : 영구, 클라이언트 액세스 가능, 자동 릴리스 없음, 작성자 없음, 차이

씨:\

연결된 c : \ shadow \\? \ GLOBALROOT \ Device \ HarddiskVolumeShadowCopy69 \

mklink c : \ shadow \\? \ GLOBALROOT \ Device \ HarddiskVolumeShadowCopy69 \

set context persistent
set metadata E:\backup\result.cab
set verbose on
begin backup
     add volume C: alias ConfigVolume
     create
     EXPOSE %ConfigVolume% Y:
     # Y is your VSS drive
     # run your backup script here
     delete shadows exposed Y:
end backup