bash IFS는 연속 분리 문자를 단일 분리 문자 (비 공백 구분 기호)로 처리하는 사내 방식을 제공하지 않기 때문에 모든 bash 버전을 구성했습니다 (예 : tr, awk, sed와 같은 외부 호출 사용) )

mult-char IFS를 처리 할 수 ​​있습니다.

다음은 이 Q / A 페이지에 나와있는 옵션 tr및 awk옵션에 대한 유사한 테스트와 함께 실행 시간 결과입니다. 테스트는 (I / O없이) arrray를 구축하는 10000 개의 이터레이터를 기반으로합니다.

pure bash     3.174s (28 char IFS)
call (awk) 0m32.210s  (1 char IFS) 
call (tr)  0m32.178s  (1 char IFS) 

출력은 다음과 같습니다

# dlm_str  = :.~!@#$%^&()_+-=`}{][ ";></,
# original = :abc:.. def:.~!@#$%^&()_+-=`}{][ ";></,'single*quote?'..123:
# unified  = :abc::::def::::::::::::::::::::::::::::'single*quote?'::123:
# max-w 2^ = ::::::::::::::::
# shrunk.. = :abc:def:'single*quote?':123:
# arr[0] "abc"
# arr[1] "def"
# arr[2] "'single*quote?'"
# arr[3] "123"

여기 스크립트가 있습니다

#!/bin/bash

# Note: This script modifies the source string. 
#       so work with a copy, if you need the original. 
# also: Use the name varG (Global) it's required by 'shrink_repeat_chars'
#
# NOTE: * asterisk      in IFS causes a regex(?) issue,     but  *  is ok in data. 
# NOTE: ? Question-mark in IFS causes a regex(?) issue,     but  ?  is ok in data. 
# NOTE: 0..9 digits     in IFS causes empty/wacky elements, but they're ok in data.
# NOTE: ' single quote  in IFS; don't know yet,             but  '  is ok in data.
# 
function shrink_repeat_chars () # A 'tr -s' analog
{
  # Shrink repeating occurrences of char
  #
  # $1: A string of delimiters which when consecutively repeated and are       
  #     considered as a shrinkable group. A example is: "   " whitespace delimiter.
  #
  # $varG  A global var which contains the string to be "shrunk".
  #
# echo "# dlm_str  = $1" 
# echo "# original = $varG" 
  dlms="$1"        # arg delimiter string
  dlm1=${dlms:0:1} # 1st delimiter char  
  dlmw=$dlm1       # work delimiter  
  # More than one delimiter char
  # ============================
  # When a delimiter contains more than one char.. ie (different byte` values),    
  # make all delimiter-chars in string $varG the same as the 1st delimiter char.
  ix=1;xx=${#dlms}; 
  while ((ix<xx)) ; do # Where more than one delim char, make all the same in varG  
    varG="${varG//${dlms:$ix:1}/$dlm1}"
    ix=$((ix+1))
  done
# echo "# unified  = $varG" 
  #
  # Binary shrink
  # =============
  # Find the longest required "power of 2' group needed for a binary shrink
  while [[ "$varG" =~ .*$dlmw$dlmw.* ]] ; do dlmw=$dlmw$dlmw; done # double its length
# echo "# max-w 2^ = $dlmw"
  #
  # Shrik groups of delims to a single char
  while [[ ! "$dlmw" == "$dlm1" ]] ; do
    varG=${varG//${dlmw}$dlm1/$dlm1}
    dlmw=${dlmw:$((${#dlmw}/2))}
  done
  varG=${varG//${dlmw}$dlm1/$dlm1}
# echo "# shrunk.. = $varG"
}

# Main
  varG=':abc:.. def:.~!@#$%^&()_+-=`}{][ ";></,'\''single*quote?'\''..123:' 
  sfi="$IFS"; IFS=':.~!@#$%^&()_+-=`}{][ ";></,' # save original IFS and set new multi-char IFS
  set -f                                         # disable globbing
  shrink_repeat_chars "$IFS" # The source string name must be $varG
  arr=(${varG:1})    # Strip leading dlim;  A single trailing dlim is ok (strangely
  for ix in ${!arr[*]} ; do  # Dump the array
     echo "# arr[$ix] \"${arr[ix]}\""
  done
  set +f     # re-enable globbing   
  IFS="$sfi" # re-instate the original IFS
  #
exit

답변

var=":abc::def:::ghi::::"
out=$( gawk -F ':+' '
  {
    # strip delimiters from the ends of the line
    sub("^"FS,"")
    sub(FS"$","")
    # then output in a bash-friendly format
    for (i=1;i<=NF;i++) printf("\"%s\" ", $i)
    print ""
  }
' <<< "$var" )
eval arr=($out)
for x in ${!arr[*]} ; do
  echo "# arr[$x] \"${arr[x]}\""
done

# arr[0] "abc"
# arr[1] "def"
# arr[2] "ghi"

 var=':a bc::d ef:#$%_+$$%      ^%&*(*&*^
 $#,.::ghi::*::'                           # a long test string.
 d=':@!#$%^&*()_+,.'                       # delimiter set
 f=${d:0:1}                                # first delimiter
 v=${var//["$d"]/"$f"};                    # convert all delimiters to
 :                                         # the first of the delimiter set.
 tmp=$v                                    # temporal variable (v).
 while
     tmp=${tmp//["$f"]["$f"]/"$f"};        # collapse each two delimiters to one
     [[ "$tmp" != "$v" ]];                 # If there was a change
 do
     v=$tmp;                               # actualize the value of the string.
 done

 readarray -td "$f" arr < <(printf '%s%s' "$v"'' "$f")
 printf '<%s>' "${arr[@]}" ; echo

 set -f; IFS=$f command eval set -- '$(echo "$var" | tr -s "$d" "[$f*]" )""'

 printf '<%s>' "$@" ; echo

 set -f; IFS="$d" command eval set -- '$(echo "$var" )""'
 printf '<%s>' "$@" ; echo

 <><a bc><><d ef><><><><><><><><><      ><><><><><><><><><
 ><><><><><><ghi><><><><><>

 var=${var// /$'\3'}                       # protect spaces
 var=${var//["$d"]/ }                      # convert all delimiters to spaces
 set -f;                                   # avoid expanding globs.
 IFS=" " command eval set -- '""$var""'    # split on spaces.
 set -- "${@//$'\3'/ }"                    # convert spaces back.