MATL , 34 30 29 28 바이트

TFiK_YAyhhH&\EQE+t~vB!P'|'*c

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설명

TF      % Push array [1 0] (start sequence)
i       % Push input
K_YA    % Convert to base 4. Gives an array of 4-ary digits
y       % Duplicate from below: pushes [1 0] again (stop sequence)
hh      % Concatenate horizontally twice. Gives array of 4-ary digits
        % including start and stop sequences
H&\     % Two-output modulo 2: pushes array with remainders and array
        % with quotients of dividing by 2
EQE     % Times 2, plus 1, times 2, element-wise. This effectively
        % multiplies each entry by 4 and adds 2
+       % Add element-wise to the array of remainders. The stack now
        % contains an array of numbers 2, 3, 6 or 7. Each number
        % encodes, in binary form, a column of the output. The
        % previous multiplication of the quotients by 4 will have the
        % effect of shifting one row down (one binary digit upwards),
        % to make room for the central row. The addition of 2 will
        % create the central row, which is always full
t~      % Duplicate, logical negate. Gives an array of zeros of the
        % same length
v       % Concatenate vertically into a 2-row matrix
B       % Convert to binary. Gives a matrix, where each row is the
        % binary representation of one of the numbers of the input
        % matrix, read in column-major order
!P      % Transpose, flip vertically
'|'*    % Multiply by '|'. This transforms 1 into 124 (ASCII code of
        % '|') and leaves 0 as is
c       % Convert to char. Char 0 is shown as space. Implicitly display

답변

4;jƓb|ṃ⁾| ẎZṙ2G

4;jƓb|ṃ⁾| ẎZṙ2G  Main link. No arguments.

4                Set the argument and the return value to 4.
 ;               Concatenate the return value with the argument, yielding [4, 4].
   Ɠ             Read an integer n from STDIN.
  j              Join, yielding [4, n, 4].
    b            Convert 4, n, and 4 to base 4. Note that 4 is [1, 0] in base 4.
     |           Perform bitwise OR of each resulting quaternary digit and 4.
                 This pads the binary representation of a digit d to three digits:
                 [1, d:2, d%2]
      ṃ⁾|        Convert the results to base " |", i.e., binary where ' '
                 represents 0 and '|' represents 1.
          Ẏ      Concatenate the resulting arrays that correspond to 4, n, and 4.
           Z     Zip; transpose rows and columns.
            ṙ2   Rotate 2 units yo the left, correcting the order of [1, d:2, d%2]
                 to [d%2, 1, d:2].
              G  Grid; separate columns by spaces, rows by linefeeds.

;4⁺;b4Fd2Uj€1Zị⁾| G

@(x)' |'(dec2bin([2 6 3 7;~(1:4)](:,[2 1 dec2base(x,4)-47 2 1]))-47)'

   base4:  0 1 2 3 -

  lookup:  2 6 3 7 0

  binary:  0 1 0 1 0
           1 1 1 1 0
           0 0 1 1 0

@(x)['' circshift(dec2bin([a=[5 4 dec2base(x,4)-44 5 4];a*0](:))'*92,1)-4384]

   base4:  0 1 2 3

    add4:  4 5 6 7

  binary:  0 1 0 1
           0 0 1 1
           1 1 1 1

swap 2/1:  0 1 0 1
           1 1 1 1
           0 0 1 1

n=>`|  ${(g=(a,k=n)=>k?g(a,k>>2)+(k&a?'| ':'  '):' ')(1)}|
| |${g(~0)}| |
   `+g(2)

let f =

n=>`|  ${(g=(a,k=n)=>k?g(a,k>>2)+(k&a?'| ':'  '):' ')(1)}|
| |${g(~0)}| |
   `+g(2)

console.log(f(4095))
console.log(f(4096))
console.log(f(7313145))

n =>                        // given the input n
  '|  ' +                   // append the top leading pattern
  (g = (a,                  // g is a recursive function taking a = mask
           k = n) =>        // and using k = value, initially set to n
    k ?                     //   if k is not zero:
      g(a, k >> 2) +        //     do a recursive call for the next group of 2 bits
      (k & a ? '| ' : '  ') //     append '| ' if the bit is set or '  ' otherwise
    :                       //   else:
      ' '                   //     append an extra leading space and stop the recursion
  )(1) +                    // invoke g() with mask = 0b01
  '|\n' +                   // append the top leading pattern and a linefeed
  '| |' +                   // append the middle leading pattern
  g(~0) +                   // invoke g() with all bits set in the mask
  '| |\n' +                 // append the middle trailing pattern and a linefeed
  '   ' +                   // append the bottom leading pattern
  g(2)                      // invoke g() with mask = 0b10

function(n,d=c(1,0,n%/%4^floor(log(n,4):0)%%4,1,0),o=c(" ","|"))cat("",o[1+d%%2],"
",o[2+0*d],"
",o[1+(d>1)])

function(n,
 d=c(1,0,                         # d contains the padding and 
   n%/%4^floor(log(n,4):0)%%4,   # the base 4 digits
   1,0),                         # 
 o=c("|"," ")                    # the vector to index into
 cat("",                         # cat separates things with spaces by default
                                 # so the empty string will print a leading space
  o[1+d%%2],"                    # odds have a | above
",                               # literal newline, a space will follow it (hence leading spaces)
 o[2+0*d],"                      # array of 2s since the middle is always |
",                               # another literal newline
 o[1+(d>1)])                     # digits greater than 1 have a | below